{"meta":{"totalResults":6,"from":0},"results":[{"aliases":[{"type":"ChemicalStructureName","name":"4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-L-phenylalanine"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"alanine nitrogen mustard"},{"type":"USBrandName","name":"Alkeran"},{"type":"CodeName","name":"CB-3025"},{"type":"Abbreviation","name":"L-PAM"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"L-phenylalanine mustard"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"L-sarcolysin"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"L-sarcolysin phenylalanine mustard"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"L-sarcolysine"},{"type":"ForeignBrandName","name":"Melphalanum"},{"type":"ChemicalStructureName","name":"p-di(chloroethyl)amino-L-phenylalanine"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"phenylalanine mustard"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"phenylalanine nitrogen mustard"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"sarcoclorin"},{"type":"ForeignBrandName","name":"Sarkolysin"},{"type":"CodeName","name":"WR-19813"},{"type":"NSCNumber","name":"241286"},{"type":"NSCNumber","name":"8806"},{"type":"CASRegistryName","name":"148-82-3"}],"definition":{"html":"A phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard with antineoplastic activity. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine and induces DNA inter-strand cross-linkages, resulting in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cytotoxicity against both dividing and non-dividing tumor cells.","text":"A phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard with antineoplastic activity. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine and induces DNA inter-strand cross-linkages, resulting in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and cytotoxicity against both dividing and non-dividing tumor cells."},"drugInfoSummaryLink":{"uri":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs/melphalan","text":"Melphalan"},"nciConceptId":"C633","nciConceptName":"Melphalan","termId":779085,"name":"melphalan","firstLetter":"m","type":"DrugTerm","termNameType":"PreferredName","prettyUrlName":"melphalan"},{"aliases":[{"type":"ChemicalStructureName","name":"L-melphalanyl-p-L-fluorophenylalanine ethyl ester"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"prodrug J1"},{"type":"CodeName","name":"J1"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"Melflufen"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"eEthyl (2S)-2-((2S)-2-amino-3-(4-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)propanamido)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoate"},{"type":"USBrandName","name":"Ygalo"},{"type":"CASRegistryName","name":"380449-51-4"}],"definition":{"html":"A peptide-drug conjugate composed of a peptide conjugated, via an aminopeptidase-targeting linkage, to the alkylating agent melphalan, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, the highly lipophilic melphalan flufenamide penetrates cell membranes and enters cells. In aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells, melphalan flufenamide is hydrolyzed by peptidases to release the hydrophilic alkylating agent melphalan. This results in the specific release and accumulation of melphalan in aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine residues and induces DNA intra- and inter-strand cross-linkages. This results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. Peptidases are overexpressed by certain cancer cells. The administration of melphalan flufenamide allows for enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to melphalan.","text":"A peptide-drug conjugate composed of a peptide conjugated, via an aminopeptidase-targeting linkage, to the alkylating agent melphalan, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, the highly lipophilic melphalan flufenamide penetrates cell membranes and enters cells. In aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells, melphalan flufenamide is hydrolyzed by peptidases to release the hydrophilic alkylating agent melphalan. This results in the specific release and accumulation of melphalan in aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine residues and induces DNA intra- and inter-strand cross-linkages. This results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. Peptidases are overexpressed by certain cancer cells. The administration of melphalan flufenamide allows for enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to melphalan."},"drugInfoSummaryLink":null,"nciConceptId":"C107680","nciConceptName":"Melphalan Flufenamide","termId":751473,"name":"melphalan flufenamide","firstLetter":"m","type":"DrugTerm","termNameType":"PreferredName","prettyUrlName":"melphalan-flufenamide"},{"aliases":[{"type":"USBrandName","name":"Pepaxto"}],"definition":{"html":"The hydrochloride salt form of the peptide-drug conjugate melphalan flufenamide in which the flufenamide peptide is conjugated, via an aminopeptidase-targeting linkage, to the alkylating agent melphalan, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, the highly lipophilic melphalan flufenamide penetrates cell membranes and enters cells. In aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells, melphalan flufenamide is hydrolyzed by peptidases to release the hydrophilic alkylating agent melphalan. This results in the specific release and accumulation of melphalan in aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine residues and induces DNA intra- and inter-strand cross-linkages. This results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. Peptidases are overexpressed by certain cancer cells. The administration of melphalan flufenamide allows for enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to melphalan.","text":"The hydrochloride salt form of the peptide-drug conjugate melphalan flufenamide in which the flufenamide peptide is conjugated, via an aminopeptidase-targeting linkage, to the alkylating agent melphalan, with potential antineoplastic and anti-angiogenic activities. Upon administration, the highly lipophilic melphalan flufenamide penetrates cell membranes and enters cells. In aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells, melphalan flufenamide is hydrolyzed by peptidases to release the hydrophilic alkylating agent melphalan. This results in the specific release and accumulation of melphalan in aminopeptidase-positive tumor cells. Melphalan alkylates DNA at the N7 position of guanine residues and induces DNA intra- and inter-strand cross-linkages. This results in the inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis and the induction of apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor cell proliferation. Peptidases are overexpressed by certain cancer cells. The administration of melphalan flufenamide allows for enhanced efficacy and reduced toxicity compared to melphalan."},"drugInfoSummaryLink":null,"nciConceptId":"C175815","nciConceptName":"Melphalan Flufenamide Hydrochloride","termId":804099,"name":"melphalan flufenamide hydrochloride","firstLetter":"m","type":"DrugTerm","termNameType":"PreferredName","prettyUrlName":"melphalan-flufenamide-hydrochloride"},{"aliases":[{"type":"ChemicalStructureName","name":"3-(p-(bis(2-chloroethyl)amino)phenyl)-L-alanine, hydrochloride"},{"type":"ForeignBrandName","name":"Alkerana"},{"type":"USBrandName","name":"Evomela"},{"type":"USBrandName","name":"Hepzato"},{"type":"ObsoleteName","name":"Alkeran"},{"type":"NSCNumber","name":"241286"},{"type":"CASRegistryName","name":"3223-07-2"}],"definition":{"html":"A bifunctional alkylating agent and phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard. Melphalan hydrochloride is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA. This agent also alkylates RNA and protein structures. As a result RNA transcription and protein synthesis are inhibited, ultimately leading to cell growth arrest and/or death.","text":"A bifunctional alkylating agent and phenylalanine derivative of nitrogen mustard. Melphalan hydrochloride is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA. This agent also alkylates RNA and protein structures. As a result RNA transcription and protein synthesis are inhibited, ultimately leading to cell growth arrest and/or death."},"drugInfoSummaryLink":{"uri":"https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/drugs/melphalan-hydrochloride","text":"Melphalan Hydrochloride"},"nciConceptId":"C48002","nciConceptName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride","termId":42973,"name":"melphalan hydrochloride","firstLetter":"m","type":"DrugTerm","termNameType":"PreferredName","prettyUrlName":"melphalan-hydrochloride"},{"aliases":[{"type":"USBrandName","name":"Captisol-enabled Melphalan IV"}],"definition":{"html":"A propylene glycol-free intravenous formulation containing the hydrochloride salt of the nitrogen mustard phenylalanine derivative melphalan complexed with polyanionic sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-CD) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, melphalan is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA; RNA and proteins may also be alkylated. Subsequently, RNA transcription and protein synthesis are inhibited, resulting in cell growth arrest. The addition of sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin to the formulation improves the solubility,  stability and ease of use of melphalan; cyclodextrins are cyclic dextrins derived from starch.","text":"A propylene glycol-free intravenous formulation containing the hydrochloride salt of the nitrogen mustard phenylalanine derivative melphalan complexed with polyanionic sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin (SBE-CD) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, melphalan is converted into highly reactive ethylenimmonium intermediates that induce covalent guanine N7-N7 intra- and inter-crosslinks and alkylation of adenine N3 of DNA; RNA and proteins may also be alkylated. Subsequently, RNA transcription and protein synthesis are inhibited, resulting in cell growth arrest. The addition of sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin to the formulation improves the solubility,  stability and ease of use of melphalan; cyclodextrins are cyclic dextrins derived from starch."},"drugInfoSummaryLink":null,"nciConceptId":"C84878","nciConceptName":"Melphalan Hydrochloride/Sulfobutyl Ether Beta-Cyclodextrin Complex","termId":649061,"name":"melphalan hydrochloride/sulfobutyl ether beta-cyclodextrin complex","firstLetter":"m","type":"DrugTerm","termNameType":"PreferredName","prettyUrlName":"melphalan-hydrochloride-sulfobutyl-ether-beta-cyclodextrin-complex"},{"aliases":[{"type":"Synonym","name":"bortezomib/melphalan/prednisone"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"melphalan/prednisone/bortezomib"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"melphalan-prednisone-bortezomib regimen"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"melphalan/prednisone/Velcade"},{"type":"Abbreviation","name":"MPB"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"MPB regimen"},{"type":"Abbreviation","name":"MPV"},{"type":"Synonym","name":"Velcade/melphalan/prednisone"},{"type":"Abbreviation","name":"VMP"}],"definition":{"html":"A regimen consisting of melphalan, prednisone and bortezomib used for the treatment of plasma cell myeloma.","text":"A regimen consisting of melphalan, prednisone and bortezomib used for the treatment of plasma cell myeloma."},"drugInfoSummaryLink":null,"nciConceptId":"C64836","nciConceptName":"VMP Regimen","termId":802163,"name":"VMP regimen","firstLetter":"v","type":"DrugTerm","termNameType":"PreferredName","prettyUrlName":"vmp-regimen"}],"links":null}